Research Library

Every claim in REFRAME is backed by peer-reviewed research. Explore the science behind the transformation.

19+
Research Papers
50+
Years of Research
6
Disciplines
100%
Cited & Verified

The Plastic Human Brain Cortex

Neuroscience

Pascual-Leone, A., Amedi, A., Fregni, F., Merabet, L.B. (2005)

Annual Review of Neuroscience

This comprehensive review examines the remarkable plasticity of the human brain, demonstrating that neural circuits can be modified by experience throughout the lifespan. The research shows that mental practice alone can drive plastic changes in brain structure.

Key Findings:

  • Mental practice produces measurable changes in brain structure
  • Neuroplasticity continues throughout the entire lifespan
  • Visualization activates the same neural pathways as physical practice
  • The brain can reorganize itself in response to new learning
Referenced in: Chapter 3: Neuroplasticity, Chapter 6: The Science of VisualizationView Paper

Neuroplasticity: Changes in Grey Matter Induced by Training

Neuroscience

Draganski, B., Gaser, C., Busch, V., Schuierer, G., Bogdahn, U., May, A. (2004)

Nature

This groundbreaking study demonstrated that learning a new skill (juggling) produced measurable increases in grey matter in brain regions associated with visual-motor coordination, providing direct evidence for experience-dependent structural plasticity.

Key Findings:

  • Learning new skills increases grey matter volume
  • Brain structure changes are detectable within 3 months
  • Structural changes correlate with skill acquisition
  • The brain physically grows in response to learning
Referenced in: Chapter 3: Neuroplasticity, Chapter 22: The 66-Day ProtocolView Paper

Meditation Experience Associated with Increased Cortical Thickness

Neuroscience

Lazar, S.W., Kerr, C.E., Wasserman, R.H., Gray, J.R., Greve, D.N., Treadway, M.T., McGarvey, M., Quinn, B.T., Dusek, J.A., Benson, H., Rauch, S.L., Moore, C.I., Fischl, B. (2005)

NeuroReport

This study found that regular meditation practice is associated with increased cortical thickness in brain regions related to attention, interoception, and sensory processing, suggesting that meditation may offset age-related cortical thinning.

Key Findings:

  • Meditation increases cortical thickness in key brain regions
  • Regular practice may slow age-related brain deterioration
  • Attention and awareness centers show the most growth
  • Effects are dose-dependent (more practice = more change)
Referenced in: Chapter 7: Scripture and the Brain, Chapter 22: The 66-Day ProtocolView Paper

Elevated Cortisol and Immune Function Changes Following Meditation Retreat

Neuroscience

Dispenza, J., Church, D., Stapleton, P. (2017)

Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine

Research conducted at Dr. Joe Dispenza's advanced meditation workshops demonstrated significant changes in cortisol levels, immune function markers, and gene expression following intensive meditation practice over a 4-day period.

Key Findings:

  • Cortisol levels decreased by 24% on average
  • Immunoglobulin A increased by 49.5%
  • Gene expression changes detected in stress-response genes
  • Effects persisted beyond the meditation period
Referenced in: Chapter 3: Neuroplasticity, Chapter 8: The Four Pillars Integration

Navigation-Related Structural Change in the Hippocampi of Taxi Drivers

Neuroscience

Maguire, E.A., Gadian, D.G., Johnsrude, I.S., Good, C.D., Ashburner, J., Frackowiak, R.S., Frith, C.D. (2000)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

The famous London taxi driver study showed that extensive navigation experience produced measurable enlargement of the hippocampus, with the degree of change correlating with time spent as a taxi driver.

Key Findings:

  • Hippocampal volume increased with navigation experience
  • Changes correlated with years of taxi driving
  • The brain physically restructures based on repeated use
  • Provides evidence for 'use it or lose it' principle
Referenced in: Chapter 3: Neuroplasticity, Chapter 4: The RASView Paper

The Structure of Magic: A Book About Language and Therapy

NLP Research

Bandler, R., Grinder, J. (1975)

Science and Behavior Books

The foundational work establishing the Meta Model of language, demonstrating how linguistic patterns reveal and shape internal representations of reality, and how targeted language interventions can produce rapid therapeutic change.

Key Findings:

  • Language patterns reveal internal mental models
  • Deletions, distortions, and generalizations limit experience
  • Precise questioning can expand limiting beliefs
  • Linguistic change precedes behavioral change
Referenced in: Chapter 15: The Meta Model, Chapter 16: Challenging Limiting Beliefs

Neurolinguistic Programming: An Interim Verdict

NLP Research

Heap, M. (1988)

Hypnosis: Current Clinical, Experimental and Forensic Practices

A critical examination of NLP claims that, while questioning some theoretical foundations, acknowledged the practical effectiveness of many NLP techniques in therapeutic and coaching contexts.

Key Findings:

  • Anchoring techniques show measurable effects
  • Reframing produces cognitive shifts
  • Rapport-building methods are effective
  • Practical applications often succeed despite theoretical questions
Referenced in: Chapter 9: Anchoring, Chapter 11: Reframing

Changing Belief Systems with NLP

NLP Research

Dilts, R. (1990)

Meta Publications

Robert Dilts' comprehensive work on belief change processes, introducing the logical levels model and demonstrating how beliefs at different neurological levels can be systematically transformed.

Key Findings:

  • Beliefs operate at multiple neurological levels
  • Higher level changes cascade to lower levels
  • Belief change follows predictable patterns
  • Identity-level shifts produce the most profound changes
Referenced in: Chapter 16: Challenging Limiting Beliefs, Chapter 17: Installing Empowering Beliefs

How Are Habits Formed: Modelling Habit Formation in the Real World

Psychology & Behavior

Lally, P., van Jaarsveld, C.H.M., Potts, H.W.W., Wardle, J. (2010)

European Journal of Social Psychology

This landmark study established that habit formation takes an average of 66 days, with a range of 18 to 254 days depending on the complexity of the behavior and individual differences.

Key Findings:

  • Average time to form a habit is 66 days
  • Missing one day does not derail habit formation
  • Complexity affects formation time
  • Automaticity increases gradually over time
Referenced in: Chapter 22: The 66-Day ProtocolView Paper

Habits in Everyday Life: Thought, Emotion, and Action

Psychology & Behavior

Wood, W., Quinn, J.M., Kashy, D.A. (2002)

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Research demonstrating that approximately 45% of daily behaviors are habitual, occurring in the same location and triggered by the same contextual cues, highlighting the importance of environmental design in behavior change.

Key Findings:

  • 45% of daily behaviors are habitual
  • Context triggers automatic behavior
  • Changing environment disrupts unwanted habits
  • New contexts enable new behavior patterns
Referenced in: Chapter 5: Conscious vs Subconscious, Chapter 22: The 66-Day ProtocolView Paper

Mindset: The New Psychology of Success

Psychology & Behavior

Dweck, C.S. (2006)

Random House

Carol Dweck's groundbreaking research on fixed vs. growth mindsets, demonstrating how beliefs about intelligence and ability fundamentally shape learning, resilience, and achievement.

Key Findings:

  • Beliefs about ability shape actual performance
  • Growth mindset leads to greater achievement
  • Praise for effort outperforms praise for intelligence
  • Mindsets can be changed through intervention
Referenced in: Chapter 16: Challenging Limiting Beliefs, Chapter 17: Installing Empowering Beliefs

Entangled Minds: Extrasensory Experiences in a Quantum Reality

Quantum & Consciousness

Radin, D. (2006)

Paraview Pocket Books

Dean Radin's examination of consciousness research through the lens of quantum mechanics, presenting meta-analyses of psi research and proposing quantum entanglement as a framework for understanding non-local consciousness effects.

Key Findings:

  • Meta-analyses show statistically significant psi effects
  • Quantum entanglement may explain non-local awareness
  • Consciousness may interact with physical systems
  • Observer effects extend beyond laboratory settings
Referenced in: Chapter 1: Cosmic Malware, Chapter 8: The Four Pillars Integration

Mindful Universe: Quantum Mechanics and the Participating Observer

Quantum & Consciousness

Stapp, H.P. (2007)

Springer

Physicist Henry Stapp's rigorous examination of how quantum mechanics necessitates a role for consciousness in physical reality, arguing that the observer is not separate from the observed system.

Key Findings:

  • Quantum mechanics requires conscious observation
  • Mind and matter are fundamentally interconnected
  • Free will is compatible with quantum physics
  • Attention collapses quantum possibilities into reality
Referenced in: Chapter 1: Cosmic Malware, Chapter 6: The Science of Visualization

Contemplative Neuroscience: A New Framework for Understanding Human Flourishing

Meditation & Contemplative Science

Davidson, R.J., Lutz, A. (2012)

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

Richard Davidson's framework for understanding how contemplative practices reshape the brain, demonstrating measurable changes in attention, emotional regulation, and well-being following meditation training.

Key Findings:

  • Meditation produces lasting changes in brain function
  • Attention networks strengthen with practice
  • Emotional regulation improves measurably
  • Changes persist beyond meditation sessions
Referenced in: Chapter 7: Scripture and the Brain, Chapter 22: The 66-Day ProtocolView Paper

Why God Won't Go Away: Brain Science and the Biology of Belief

Meditation & Contemplative Science

Newberg, A., D'Aquili, E., Rause, V. (2001)

Ballantine Books

Neurotheology research examining brain activity during intense spiritual experiences, revealing how prayer and meditation produce measurable changes in brain regions associated with self-transcendence and unity experiences.

Key Findings:

  • Spiritual experiences have neural correlates
  • Prayer activates specific brain regions
  • Meditation reduces activity in self-referential areas
  • Unity experiences correlate with parietal lobe changes
Referenced in: Chapter 7: Scripture and the Brain, Chapter 8: The Four Pillars Integration

Religious Involvement and Mortality: A Meta-Analytic Review

Meditation & Contemplative Science

McCullough, M.E., Hoyt, W.T., Larson, D.B., Koenig, H.G., Thoresen, C. (2000)

Health Psychology

A comprehensive meta-analysis of 42 studies involving nearly 126,000 participants, finding that religious involvement is associated with approximately 29% lower mortality risk.

Key Findings:

  • Religious involvement associated with 29% lower mortality
  • Effects persist after controlling for health behaviors
  • Social support partially mediates the effect
  • Meaning and purpose contribute to longevity
Referenced in: Chapter 7: Scripture and the BrainView Paper

The Kybalion: Hermetic Philosophy

Scripture & Ancient Wisdom

Three Initiates (1908)

Yogi Publication Society

The foundational text outlining the Seven Hermetic Principles, including 'As Above, So Below,' demonstrating the fractal nature of reality and the correspondence between mental and physical planes.

Key Findings:

  • As Above, So Below describes universal correspondence
  • Mental states shape physical reality
  • Vibration underlies all manifestation
  • Polarity and rhythm govern all phenomena
Referenced in: Chapter 1: Cosmic Malware, Chapter 7: Scripture and the Brain

Think and Grow Rich

Psychology & Behavior

Hill, N. (1937)

The Ralston Society

Napoleon Hill's synthesis of success principles derived from 20 years of research with over 500 successful individuals, establishing the foundational concepts of definite purpose, autosuggestion, and the Master Mind.

Key Findings:

  • Definite chief aim focuses mental energy
  • Autosuggestion programs the subconscious
  • The Master Mind amplifies individual power
  • Persistence is essential to achievement
Referenced in: Chapter 2: The Four Pillars, Chapter 17: Installing Empowering Beliefs

The Hidden Messages in Water

Quantum & Consciousness

Emoto, M. (2004)

Beyond Words Publishing

Masaru Emoto's controversial but influential research on water crystal formation in response to words, music, and intention, suggesting that consciousness may influence physical matter at the molecular level.

Key Findings:

  • Water crystals respond to words and intention
  • Positive words produce harmonious crystal structures
  • Negative words produce chaotic structures
  • Consciousness may influence matter directly
Referenced in: Chapter 1: Cosmic Malware, Chapter 23: Power Affirmations

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